Method of making heat radiators



April 6, 1937. J. KARMAZIN 20,321 1 METHOD OF MAKING HEAT RADIATOHS I vOriginal Filed May 31, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 i .fi m i n April 1937- J.KARMAZIN Re. 20,321

' METHOD OF MAKING HEAT RADIAfIO RS Original Filed May 31, '1929 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Reissued 6, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE KarmazinEngineering Company, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan OriginalNo. 1,997,583, dated April 9, i935, Serial No. 367,308, May 31, 1929.Application for reissue August 24, 1938, Serial No. 97,660

Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in heat radiators; and moreespecially toheat radiators for lowering the temperature of the coolingliquid in the engines of automobiles and other motor ve-' 5 hicles.

an object of the invention is to provide a radiator comprisingrelatively few parts designed to afford a very efficient cooling action,and be quite simple in construction, so that it can be easily andreadily made and at low cost.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method bywhich the parts of the radiator or tube can be easily, quickly andinexpensively assembled and permanently attached 1:; to one another in amanner that will permit the circulation of the cooling liquid of theengine therethrough without risk of leakage.

The radiator of this invention as shown and temperature thereof islowered by the air coming in contact with the outside of the tubes andintegral fins and carrying away heat. Y

' Heretofore, it has been more or less difficult to make the jointsbetween the telescoping projections leakproof; and, though soldering hasbeen employed. the task of getting the solder into place and making itseal the joints between the telescoping projections has been somewhatunsatisfactory; being either expensive or requiring a relatively greatamount of time for the performance of the soldering operation. Myinvention aims to eliminate previous objections on this score by amethod which enables the joints between the telescoping projections tobe soldered 5 together in a most effective manner, to receive the solderat the proper points and toco'r'nplete the whole operation in arelatively short period and with the use of a small amount of solder.This end can be gained, for example, by putting a thin strip of solderinto each tube made up of a row of telescoping projections, after theprojections have, of course, been suitably cleaned with acid or anyother suitable substance, and then placing the core in an oven andsupporting the assembled radiator body (or. 113-1118) I in such positionas will enable the solder as it the invention can be practiced, but Imay obviously resort to' changes in detail without departing from theprinciple or exceeding the scope of the invention.

0n the drawings:

- Fig. 1 is a view partly in section showing in side elevation anelement consisting of a plate or strip of metal with projections formedtherefrom, to

be employed in building a radiator according to this invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan thereof Fig. 3 is a section taken transverselythrough Fig. 2 on the line 3-4 thereof;

Fig. '4 shows how the elements or units are nested to form the body ofthe radiator;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the first step in the processof soldering the joints between the tubular projections;

Fig. 6 shows in side view and Fig. 7 in end view a strip of solderemployed in the soldering process;

Fig. 8 shows the manner in which the solder or I like jointing materialtakes effect on the interior of each set of tubular projections forminga tube;

Fig. 9 shows how the solder takes effect on the outside thereof; and 1Fig. 10 shows how the solder is caused to flow into contact-with allpoints in the circumference of the tubes at the joints between thetelescoping projections.

The numeral i indicatesa strip or plate of metal which is, stamped toprovide tubular projections 2 which will taper somewhat toward theirouter ends. The strip I may also have openings 3', the edges of whichare bent downward, as shown at 4. The projections 2 are arranged in rowsalong the length of the strip, the rows, of course, being staggered sothat the projections 2 of each row are located between the interveningspaces of each adjacent row, and the openings 3 i may be likewisearranged and are formed in the spaces between the projections 2 of thesuccessive rows so that the openings 3 and projections 2 alternatetransversely of the strip I at any given point. Of course as many rowsof projections 2 1 2 'so,sa1

may beformed is desired. The strip in Fig. 1

shows from end to 'end two rows ofprojections andtwo rows of openings.the projections I and openings I being staggered. as above set forth.

5 'lheedgesloftheopeningsl extendlengthwise of the strip.

11 desired-the openings 3 and down-turned pro lines which unite them tothe projections 2 ex cept at diametrically opposite points, and forced15 outward to form semi-circular vanes or wings I;

the portions of the rims which remain attachedto the projections 2 beingindicated at I. These portions project at diametrically opposite pointsin the outer end of each projection and serve to some extent to obstructthe free flow of water therethrough to prevent the water from passingtoo'rapidly, as well as to connect the vanes I to the projections 2.

2, Fig. 4, they form the body or core of the radiator: the tubes for thecooling liquid being made up of the telescopic projections, which willbe spaced apart far enough to allow free circulation of air among thetubes and through the core. Usually the tubes will be vertical and thefins I horizontal when the radiator is in use. The vanes [with the partsI which join these vanes to the projections will deflect the watersomewhat from the middle of the tubes towards the circumference. as wellas slightly retard the water and prevent it from flowing through thetubes too fast. Some of the heat of the water is also taken up by thevanes I and conducted directly to the projections I and plates I. andthe water in the tubes is efllciently cooled by the action of the airwhich flows against the tubes and along the surface of the plates I andstrikes the projections 4. These projections l serve to retard the airsomewhat to prevent it 5 flowing too rapidly through the radiator andmay also,,to some extent, deflect the air and cause it topass throughthe plates. The air thus extracts the maximum of heat through the sidesof the projections 2 and plates I and the cooling actionof the radiatoris very efllcient.

many units as are required to make the liquid tubes of the necessarylength, is put in horizontal position as indicated in Figs. 5 and 10. Astrip of solder I is passed through each row of projections i. Thisstrip of solder should be thin so as to use no more material than isnecessary, and it is preferably made channel-shaped as shown in Fig. Ito give it stifl'ness so that it can be handled and will not readilybend. All of the projections 2 are previously cleaned with acid or anyother suitable agent, preferably before the projections I are telescopedtogether. The radiator is then put into an oven and heated to melt thestrips of solder I. As soon as the solder melts, it of course collectsat the lowest points 9 in the tubes made'up by the projections 2; and asthe tubes are conical, the solder in each projection will naturally rundown towards the telescoped end of the projection received therein. Thisis due to the fact that, because of the conical shape ofeach projectionI. the

bottom of each projection will slope downward towards the telescoped endof the adjacent projection, when the radiator is in horiaontal posi-When the elements or units are assembled as in tion. forming in eflect adepression as shown at l in Fig. 5. a

a 'As the solder 8 is melted. the radiator-in the oven is rotated aboutan axis'as indicated in Fig. 10. The solder now flows round on theinside of eachprojection adjacent the depression I which telescopestherein. It penetrates in between the two projections probably bycapillary attraction and appears on the outside of the tubes. as wellastheinside, forming a coating which closes the joint between theadjacent projections perfectly using a minimum amount of solder.

outside thereof. The inside coating covers the ends of. the telescopedprojection and the adjacent inside surface of the projection which re-'ceives it; while the outside coating Il flils the corner between thefins I and the projections passing into the has, and a small portion ofthe surface oi the projection which passes into each oi the fins I. Thejoint between each pair of projections is thus fully sealed at twopoints and any possibility of leakage is. entirely obviated. The

radiator is thus not only'simple in construction and easy andinexpensive to manufacture and flnish, but it is also very effective inaction, and the soldering of the joints is easily and expeditiouslyaccomplished. The soldering takes eifect v at each joint so completelythat all leakage and subsequent deterioration and opening of the jointsis rendered impossible. I

It will be seen that any onetube of applicant's structure comprises, ineifect a series of aligned loopswhich form transversely disposed ridgesfor distributing the bonding material.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. The method of forming a radiator of thefln-and-tube type having aplurality of tubes. each formed of telescoping projections withsubstantially cylindrical joints between eachpalr of projections, whichconsists in inserting a strip of solder into each tube of telescopingprojections. disposing the radiator so that each of said tubes is inhorizontal position, and then subjecting the radiator to heat to meltthe solder, and changing the position of the radiator through an angleof 360 'while maintaining the tubes horizontal to cause the solder toflow into each joint through-.

out the whole length of the joint.

2. The method of forming a radiator of the fln-and-tube type havingtapering telescoping projections constituting continuous tubes andmaking said tubes liquid tight which consists in putting the radiatorwiththe tubes in horizontal position, placing a strip of jointingmaterial in each'tube, subjecting the radiator to heat to melt thematerial to allow said material to flow down to the lowest point of eachprojection against the end of theprojection telescoped therein and toflow between said projections by capillary attraction while keeping thetubes horizontal. whereby said jointing material adheres to the innerface of the one. projection and the ad.-

jacent outer face of the projection telescoped This coating is indicatedat It in Fig. 8 on the inside of theprojections, and at II in Figs. 8and 9,on the tubes and heating thetubes to cause the solder toflowthrough the telescoped portions of the projections from the insideto the outside'ot the tubes while retaining the radiator in horizontalposltionand slowly rotating the same through one revolution, said flowof solder substantially X withdrawing all solder from the tube wallsbetween joints.

4. The method of manufacturing tubing which 10 comprises aligning loopsof metal to form a tube having transversely disposed joints withinternal transversely disposed ridl fl. inserting bonding material instrip form through substantially all of the loops to be joined in saidtube, and passing said tube through a heating zone whereby saidbondingmaterial melts and gathers adjacent said ridges and said Joints.

5. The method oi manufacturing tubing which comprises aligning loops ofmetallic material so as to form a tube having internal ridges, insertinga' wire of bonding material through substantially all of the loops to bejoined in saidtube l0 and passing said tubethrough a heating zone. JOHN-KARMAZIN.

